benevolence (esp. as a virtue of Confucianism); consideration; human; kernel; nucleolus
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
splendid horse; promoted bishop
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
the future (usually distant); future tense; the world to come
surely; undoubtedly; sternly; severely; having no slack; rigid
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
sometime; someday; one day; some time or other; the other day; in due course
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
teacher; instructor; sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.; intimate or teasing form of address; (arch.) one's elder
one's superior; higher-up; boss; senior
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to be open (to traffic); to lead to; to flow (liquid, current); to pass; to be understood; to be comprehended; to be honored
I; me; oneself; (arch.) you; (arch.) prefix indicating familiarity or contempt
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to work out a plan of deception; to scheme; (arch.) to think up a plan; (arch.) to think over a plan; (arch.) to discuss; (arch.) to consult
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
tachibana orange (Citrus tachibana)
conclusion from reasoning, judgement or calculation based on something read or heard; reason; cause; meaning; circumstances; situation
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
incompetent; have no merit
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
imperial capital (esp. Kyoto); final word of an iroha poem; 10^16; 10,000,000,000,000,000
to ascend; to go up; to ascend (as a natural process, e.g. the Sun); to rise; to go to (the capital); to be promoted; to add up to
management; dealing with; course of events; circumstances; end result (usu. bad); outcome
you (when referring to one's equals or inferiors)
(another person's) younger sister
friend; companion; comrade; accompaniment; companion (e.g. book); complement
temple; shrine; hall; company; (arch.) front room
liking something; being partial to something; -phile
(medical) doctor; physician
to be (animate); to be; to be ..ing; to (have the audacity to) do
seeming ...; appearing ...; -ish; like a ...; typical of ...
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
medicine; the healing art; healing; doctor
road; path; route; way; distance; journey; road (e.g. to victory)