wave; billow; ups and downs; (something) advancing step by step; (something) surging forward inopposably; tendency
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
sound; noise; (musical) note; fame
sagacity; wisdom; intelligence
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
Mr; Mrs; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
sentence; composition; text; the literary arts (as opposed to the military arts); academia; statement
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to take (something) along; to bring with one; to carry (something) away; to bear
adds force to a statement, decision or conclusion; indicates command; (strongly) emphasizes the previous word; adds focus; some- (e.g. something, someone)
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
always; all the time; never; usual; regular
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
you; before (a god, nobleman, etc.); in front of
to be needed; to be necessary; to be required; to be wanted; to need; to want
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
look!; see!; here!; there!; hey!
strange; odd; peculiar; queer; curious
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
when one was a very young child; very early in one's life
to cry; to shed tears; to suffer (from); to be troubled (by); to accept (an unreasonable request, loss, etc.); to do reluctantly
piece (in shogi, chess, etc.); (arch.) horse; (arch.) foal; bridge (of a violin, etc.)
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
will; probably; may; I think; surely; I hope
six; six years of age; six o'clock (old time system)
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
seven; seven years of age; four o'clock (old time system)
(approximate) time; around; suitable time (or condition); time of year; season
from the standpoint of; from the viewpoint of; on; above; the best; top
good(-tasting); nice; delicious; attractive (offer, opportunity, etc.); appealing; convenient
soaking in honey; soaking in syrup; nuts, fruit, etc. soaked in honey or syrup
Japanese chestnut (Castanea crenata)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to serve (in a bowl, on a plate, etc.); to dish out; to pile up; to heap up; to administer (medicine, poison); to dose out; to put into (e.g. information in a report, meaning in a statement)