inner part; inside; interior; depths (e.g. of a forest); back (of a house, drawer, etc.); bottom (e.g. of one's heart)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
water (esp. cool, fresh water, e.g. drinking water); fluid (esp. in an animal tissue); liquid; flood; floodwaters; water offered to wrestlers just prior to a bout
root (of a plant); root (of a tooth, hair, etc.); center (of a pimple, etc.); root (of all evil, etc.); source; one's true nature
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to move (house); to change residence
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to pass (of time); to elapse
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to start; to begin; to start up (a business, society, etc.); to open (e.g. a store); to start ...; to begin to ...
movement; transfer; migration; mobile; moving; traveling
shop; store; somebody who sells (something) or works as (something); somebody with a (certain) personality trait; house; roof
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
something; something or other; so-and-so; somehow; anyhow; one way or another
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
beginning; outset; first; onset
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
male diver (who collects shells, seaweed, etc.); fisherman
living; life (one's daily existence); livelihood
to get used to; to grow accustomed to; to become skilled in; to become experienced at; to become tame; to become domesticated
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
worry; concern; anxiety; care; help; aid
splendid; nice; sufficient; fine (in the sense of "I'm fine"); well enough; OK
appearing ...; looking ...; way to ...; method of ...ing; form; style
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to go out to meet; to receive; to welcome; to accept (e.g. as a member of a group or family); to call for; to summon
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
father; dad; husband; you; he
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do