indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
large; big; great; prominent; -sized; as big as; university
thief; robber; burglar; bandit
dawn; daybreak; event (e.g. "in the event of ..."); occasion; occurrence
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
star (usu. excluding the Sun); planet (usu. excluding Earth); star (glyph, symbol, shape); asterisk; star (actor, player, etc.); dot; spot
right; right-hand side; right hand; the above (in a piece of vertical writing); above-mentioned; the right (wing)
end; conclusion; last; final; once ...; the moment ... (, that's it)
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to have been decided (so) that; to have been arranged (so) that; to be the result (of); to be the outcome; to be the reason (for)
one (esp. of two); the other; on the one hand; on the other hand; whereas; although
aim (of a gun, bow, etc.); aim; object; objective
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
shop; store; someone who sells (something) or works as (something); someone with a (certain) personality trait; house; roof
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to see through; to see into (someone's heart, mind, etc.); to perceive; to find out; to detect
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
one more; another; the other; not quite; not very good
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
to fail to catch; to let slip; to miss
successfully; fairly; artfully; nicely; completely; thoroughly
success; achievement; succeeding (in life); (worldly) success; prosperity
suddenly; all of a sudden
to betray; to turn traitor (to); to double-cross; to disappoint; to let down
10,000; ten thousand; 10^4
both (hands, parents, sides, etc.); counter for carriages (e.g. in a train); counter for vehicles; ryō; tael; ryō; pre-Meiji unit of currency, orig. the value of one ryō of gold
hogging; having all to oneself; monopolising; monopolizing
to search for; to look for; to hunt for; to search (a house, pocket, etc.); to search through; to rummage in (e.g. a drawer)
all present; all concerned; all of us
oh!; good heavens!; ugh!; oh no!; ah!; the penny drops!
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
to go; to move (towards); to move through; to travel across; to go (well, badly, etc.); to proceed; to do (in a particular way)
opposite side; other side; over there; ahead; destination; there (somewhere distant, esp. abroad)
to turn; to rotate; to go around; to circle; to make the rounds (of); to go around (several places); to go by way of
brothers and sisters; siblings; half-siblings; step-siblings; mate; friend
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
just like; (virtually) no different from; (almost) the same as; as good as (e.g. dead, settled)
leader; chief; head; (another person's) head