An'ei era (1772.11.16-1781.4.2)
to cover; to hide; to conceal; to wrap; to disguise
amount necessary to fill a container (e.g. cupful, spoonful, etc.); drink (usu. alcoholic); full; one squid, octopus, crab, etc.; one boat; fully; to capacity
to eat; to live on (e.g. a salary); to live off; to subsist on
to give; to confer; to bestow; to kindly do for one; to oblige; to favour
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to receive; to get; to eat; to drink; to be crowned with; to wear (on one's head)
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
to be much obliged (to someone); to receive favor (favour); to be indebted; to be grateful
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
name; given name; first name
to memorize; to memorise; to learn; to pick up; to feel; to think
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
natural; reasonable; obvious; usual; common; ordinary
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
figure; form; appearance; dress; state; condition
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
-like; sort of; similar to; resembling
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
than; from; out of; except; but; more
warm; mild; (pleasantly) hot; considerate; kind; genial
inside; within; while (e.g. one is young); during; among; amongst; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
hm; um; huh?; what?; nuh-uh; no
I'm sorry; my apologies; excuse me; pardon me
Eurasian oystercatcher (Haematopus ostralegus); (arch.) black-headed gull (Larus ridibundus); Cinnalepeta pulchella (species of spiral-shelled gastropod)
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
in this way; thus; such; uh...
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...
cooking; cookery; cuisine; dealing with something; handling; administration
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage