teacher; instructor; sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.; intimate or teasing form of address; (arch.) one's elder
appearing ...; looking ...; way to ...; method of ...ing; form; style
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
skillful; skilful; delicious; appetizing; fortunate; splendid
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to take; to carry (something) away; to bear
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix
zealous; enthusiastic; ardent; fervent; keen; eager
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
I'm sorry; my apologies; excuse me; pardon me
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
chicken meat; reddish-brown chicken
hand; arm; forepaw; foreleg; handle; hand; worker
to be crowded with people; to be bustling with; to prosper; to flourish; to do thriving business
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
to kill; to slay; to suppress; to block; to suppress (a voice, feelings, etc.); to hold back
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
as you were; return to your original position!; er, rather
to go; to come; to be defeated; to collapse; to be annoyed; to be nonplussed
shuriken; small throwing blade; throwing star
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
black ships; Western ships that came to Japan between the 16th and 19th centuries, esp. those of the Perry Expedition in 1853; foreign disruptor (of the Japanese market); product, person, etc. arriving from the West and disturbing the Japanese market
arrival of ships (from abroad); arrival by ship
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
founding a country; opening of a country (e.g. Japan) to the world; ending (a policy of) national seclusion
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
front-facing; forward-looking; positive; constructive
something broad and flat; common; ordinary; low-ranking employee; freshman
door (esp. Japanese-style); shutter; window shutter; (arch.) entrance (to a home); (arch.) narrows
feudal domain (Edo and early Meiji periods, precursor to current prefectures); fiefdom; province
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.