adds force or indicates command
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
that way; that direction; there; that (one); you; your family
right; right-hand side; afore-mentioned (esp. in vertical Japanese writing); foregoing; forgoing
waste; scrap; garbage; scum; piece of trash; loser
to cook (grains, e.g. rice); to boil; to simmer; to stew
one's parents' home; one's origins; one's upbringing; one's past
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
ordinary; common; free of charge; unaffected; as is; only
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
to be (animate); to be; to be ..ing; to (have the audacity to) do
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
that is so; that is right; it looks to me; people say that; it is said that; I hear that
house (e.g. of Tokugawa); family
ship; boat; tank; tub; counter for boat-shaped containers (e.g. of sashimi)
to kill (a human) using a blade (sword, machete, knife, etc.); to slice (off); to lop (off); to cut (off)
ocean; large sea; fabric pattern
close (e.g. of business); leaving (e.g. school); being outdone; compare unfavourably (with); closing price (stockmarket); sink mark (casting, moulding)
villa; daimyo's suburban residence
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
such; like that; that sort of; very
book; volume; this; present; main; head
seeming to be; appearing to be; like; similar to; in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that
skillful; skilful; delicious; appetizing; fortunate; splendid
to shake; to sway; to waver