previous time; last time; previous installment; previous instalment; previous session
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to kidnap (esp. by force or deception); to abduct; to snatch
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
door (esp. Japanese-style); shutter; window shutter; (arch.) entrance (to a home); (arch.) narrows
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to strike; to hit; to attack; to bash; to sound out (someone's views); to pound (meat or fish); to chop into small pieces
sound; noise; (musical) note; fame
to open; to undo; to bloom; to unfold; to open (for business, e.g. in the morning); to be wide (gap, etc.); to widen
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
to open (a door, etc.); to unwrap (e.g. parcel, package); to open (for business, etc.); to empty; to remove; to move out; to clear out
fast; quick; early; soon; premature; too soon
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
I'm home!; I'm back!; now; at present; just now; a moment ago
a little; a bit; a small amount; a little while; a short time; a moment
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
to give; to confer; to bestow; to kindly do for one; to oblige; to favour
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
middle of the night; dead of night
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to be; to come; to go; to be (doing)
idiot; dummy; joker; fool; trickster
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
Mr; master; Ms; miss; (arch.) sir; (arch.) madam
to go by; to go past; to run (between; of a rail service, bus route, etc.); to operate (between); to go indoors; to go into a room; to penetrate
adds force to a statement, decision or conclusion; indicates command; (strongly) emphasizes the previous word; adds focus; some- (e.g. something, someone)
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
to be caught; to be captured; to be taken prisoner; to be seized with (fear, etc.); to be a slave to; to stick to
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
turban-like hat worn by officials in the Ryūkyū Kingdom
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
opponent; rival; adversary; menace; danger; threat
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
misunderstanding; mistaken idea; wrong guess
to be (animate); to be; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed; to (have the audacity to) do
sure; no mistaking it; for certain; without doubt
family positioned to accede to the shogunate
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that