this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
(one's) father-in-law; (one's) employer; master; principal supporter of a temple; influential temple parishioner
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
just now; a moment ago; this very minute
kawaraban (type of Edo-period single-page newspaper)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to deliver; to forward; to send; to report; to notify; to file notice (to the authorities)
to ferry across (e.g. a river); to carry across; to lay across; to build across; to hand over; to hand in
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to accomplish; to finish; to carry through; to follow through
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
to come along; to come around; to turn up; to arrive at the present; to get where one is; to have been doing something (for a period of time)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
previous time; last time; previous installment; previous instalment; previous session
to stand up; to put up; to thrust into; to bury into; to make (a noise); to start (a rumour); to make
tactics; strategy; military operation; naval operation
scoundrel; rascal; villain
first-person plural (or singular); second or third person plural (implies speaker is of higher status than those referred to)
round-up (e.g. of criminals); wholesale arrest; catching the whole herd with one throw
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
silver (Ag); silver coin; money; silver medal; silver colour; silver color; bank
everything; all; the whole; entirely; completely; wholly
to be put in order; to be put to rights; to be disposed of; to be solved; to be finished; to be married (off)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
great swordsman; master fencer
concentricity; same mind; unanimity; policeman; constable in the Edo period
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
existing (at the present moment); alright; acceptable; to be (usu. of inanimate objects); to have
that child; that kid; that boy; (arch.) you
work; labor; achievement; performance; salary; income