Chinese juniper (Juniperus chinensis)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
to go; to move (towards); to move through; to travel across; to go (well, badly, etc.); to proceed; to do (in a particular way)
man; male; masculine gender
hey!; say!; I say!; I; me
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to kill; to slay; to suppress; to block; to suppress (a voice, feelings, etc.); to hold back
patrol car; police car; squad car; cruiser
thank you (for your hard work); good work; see you; goodbye; goodnight
... years old; age (of) ...
address (of a home, business, etc.); residence; domicile
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
near; neighbourhood; nearly (e.g. "it took nearly one year"); close to; shortly; soon
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
hand; arm; forepaw; foreleg; handle; hand; worker
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
unsteadily (e.g. on one's feet); shakily; wavering (in one's mind); unsteadily; aimlessly; unconsciously
to fall (over, down); to collapse; to be destroyed (in a collapse); to collapse; to be confined to bed (with an illness); to come down with; to die
that is so; that is right; it looks to me; people say that; it is said that; I hear that
quiet; calm; leisurely; distant; far-off; boundless
judgement; judgment; expert opinion; appraisal
to hurry; to rush; to hasten; to make something happen sooner
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
one's last moments; (on) the point of death; (on) one's deathbed
strange; weird; wonder; mystery; cleverness; adroitness
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that ...
Shōji era (1199.4.27-1201.2.13)