you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
how; in what way; by what means
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
to refer to; to consult; to use as a reference
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
waitress (in a ryokan or traditional restaurant); hostess
Mr; master; Ms; miss; (arch.) sir; (arch.) madam
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
fullness; completeness; enhancement; improvement; replenishment; repletion
until now; till now; up to now; up to the present; so far
television; TV; TV program; TV programme; TV broadcast
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
to open out (of a view, scenery, etc.); to spread out; to improve (of luck, prospects, etc.); to get better; to develop (of a town, civilization, etc.); to become civilized; to be sensible
there is no need to ...; never happens; there is never a time when
then; well; so; well then
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
scary; frightening; eerie; dreadful
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
now; the present time; just now; another; more
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
furthermore; again; after all; more and more; moreover; even more
entrance (on the stage); appearance (in a book, film, etc.); appearance (on the scene); arrival (on the market); emergence
in this way; like this; this (much); so; uh; er
honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix
expectation; anticipation; hope; promising; rising; up-and-coming
appearance (in a film, play, TV show, etc.); performance
opening to the public; making available to the public; exhibiting; unveiling; release (of a film, information, etc.); disclosure
to stand (something) up; to put upright; to thrust into; to bury into; to make (a noise); to let out; to raise (a cloud of dust, smoke, etc.)
machine; race car; racing motorcycle
central; main; just (done); counter for consecutive losses
to be seen; to be visible; to look; to seem; to come
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
busy; occupied; hectic; restless; hurried; fidgety
noon; midday; daytime; lunch
talent; gift; function; noh (theatre)
practice; practising; training; study
one's father; one's old man; middle-aged (or older) man; old man; one's boss; proprietor (of a restaurant, store, etc.)
nursing; care; caregiving; caring
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally