indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
(not) anything; (nothing) at all; and everything else; and all; (not) at all; (not) in the least
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
article; news story; report; account
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
to calm down; to compose oneself; to calm down; to settle down; to settle down (in a location, job, etc.); to settle in; to be settled
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
again (and again); once again; yet again; (there you go) again
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
detection (of a plot, fraud, etc.); discovery; coming to light; being uncovered
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
two persons; two people; pair; couple
debut; doing something for the first time; starting anew; starting afresh
to be decided; to be settled; to be unchanging; to be the same (as always); to be a fixed rule; to be destined; to be well executed (of a manoeuvre in a sport, game, etc.)
just (now, at the moment, etc.); just as; in the act of; as soon as; at the moment that
false rumor (rumour); false alarm; misinformation
to stream; to flow (liquid, time, etc.); to be washed away; to be carried; to drift; to float (e.g. clouds); to sweep (e.g. rumour, fire)
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
to pass through; to pass by; to pass (of time); to elapse; to have expired; to have ended; to exceed
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
to examine; to look up; to investigate; to check up; to sense; to study
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
now; the present time; just now; another; more
to talk; to speak; to tell; to explain; to speak (a language)
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember