cold; frigid; bracing; dignified
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
pish; pooh; I see; oh; indeed
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to push; to press; to apply pressure from above; to press down; to stamp (i.e. a passport); to apply a seal; to affix (e.g. gold leaf)
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
somehow; how; in what way; why; what kind of
physical condition; state of health
bad; poor; poor (quality); inferior; evil; sinful; ugly
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
(not) particularly; (not) especially; (not) specially; separately; apart; additionally
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
to eat; to live on (e.g. a salary); to live off; to subsist on
lively; full of spirit; energetic; healthy; well; fit
to take out; to get out; to put out; to reveal; to submit (e.g. thesis); to turn in; to publish
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
hm; um; huh?; what?; nuh-uh; no
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
skillful; skilful; delicious; appetizing; fortunate; splendid
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
childhood friend; friend from infancy; old playmate
even so; all the same; nevertheless; yes, but ...
marking; grading; scoring
sweet-tasting; sweet; fragrant (smelling); sweet (music); lightly salted; light in salt; naive
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
lie; fib; mistake; error; unwise move; bad decision
speaking of; (I told you) already; come on
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
to get up; to rise; to wake up; to be awake; to occur (usu. of unfavourable incidents); to happen
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
to use (a thing, method, etc.); to make use of; to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to use (time, money, etc.); to spend
name; given name; first name