indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
mountain stream; valley; dale; wetlands; swamp; marsh
wisteria (esp. Japanese wisteria, Wisteria floribunda); wistaria
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
to snatch away; to dispossess; to steal
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now
100,000,000; one hundred million
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
yen (Japanese monetary unit); circle
10^8; 100,000,000; hundred million
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
teacher; instructor; sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.; intimate or teasing form of address; (arch.) one's elder
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
bank; banking institution
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk