to turn back (e.g. half-way); to return; to go back; to recover (e.g. something lost); to be returned; to rebound
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
father; dad; husband; you; he
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to part (usu. of people); to part from; to separate (of a couple); to break up; to lose (e.g. one's mother); to be bereaved
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
fat; thick; deep (of a voice); thick; daring; shameless
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
conclusion from reasoning, judgement or calculation based on something read or heard; reason; cause; meaning; circumstances; situation
two (long cylindrical things)
pine tree (Pinus spp.); highest (of a three-tier ranking system)
daughter; girl (i.e. a young, unmarried woman)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to look after; to take care of; to be put in charge of; to be given responsibility for; to withhold (an announcement); to reserve (judgment)
third day of the month; three days
within; inside of; less than
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to search for; to look for; to hunt for; to search (a house, pocket, etc.); to search through; to rummage in (e.g. a drawer)
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
to come true (of a wish, prayer, etc.); to be realized; to suit (e.g. a purpose); to meet (wishes, ideals, etc.); to match (implies competition); to rival
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
safety; security; safely; without incident; good health; inaction
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
to put back; to return; to vomit; to throw up; to recover (of a market price)
definitely; absolutely; absolute; unconditional; absoluteness
to save; to rescue; to help; to assist; to support (financially); to contribute (to)
to take out; to get out; to put out; to reveal; to submit (e.g. thesis); to turn in; to publish
wing; Chinese "Wings" constellation (one of the 28 mansions); (arch.) counter for birds or bird wings
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
various; all sorts of; variety of; (arch.) various colors (colours)
consultation; discussion; discussing; asking (somebody) for advice
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
secret; secrecy; mystery; secret (e.g. to success); esoteric teachings
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
to forget; to leave carelessly; to be forgetful of; to forget about; to forget (an article)
Utsunomiya (city in Tochigi)
something; some; somehow; for some reason; (is there) something (you want, etc.)
having in mind; happening to know of; idea