match; game; bout; contest
senior pupil (of the same master); senior disciple; senior student; senior member
dojo; hall used for martial arts training; manda (place of Buddhist practice or meditation, esp. the place under the bodhi tree where Buddha attained enlightenment)
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
future problems; consequences
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
may; might; perhaps; may be; possibly
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
national crisis; national disaster
how; in what way; how about
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
black ships; Western ships that came to Japan between the 16th and 19th centuries, esp. those of the Perry Expedition in 1853; foreign disruptor (of the Japanese market); product, person, etc. arriving from the West and disturbing the Japanese market
country; territory; domain; realm
to commit (e.g. crime); to perpetrate; to break (e.g. rule); to violate; to rape; to violate
constraint; reserve; feeling hesitant; being afraid of troubling someone
various foreign countries; several foreign countries
dealing with; coping with
whole family; entire family; all over the house; throughout the house; retainer of a daimyo; feudal domain
wholly; solely; entirely; principally; mostly; chiefly
rumour; rumor; report; hearsay; gossip; common talk
foreigner (esp. one of European ancestry); different person
war; battle; campaign; (arch.) troops; (arch.) forces
disagreeable; detestable; unpleasant; reluctant
(those) who are; (that) which is; in the capacity of
to be loath to; to balk at (doing); to grudge (doing); to take (good) care of
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); (arch.) province (of Japan)
to go to ruin; to go under; to fall; to be destroyed; to die out; to become extinct
opening a port (seaport, airport, etc.); starting operations at a port; opening a port to foreign vessels or trade
to desire; to wish for; to expect; to see; to command (a view of)
the Emperor; His Majesty; the government; the authorities; proprietress; hostess
internal conditions; true state of affairs
first (of all); firstly; probably; most likely; more or less (satisfactory); on the whole
reform; reformation; reorganization
to make fun of; to look down on; to make light of
appearing ...; looking ...; way to ...; method of ...ing; form; style
to put back up; to stand back up; to restore (to former strength); to revive (e.g. the economy); to make again (a plan, policy, etc.); to reformulate