indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
drone; unmanned aircraft; drone
mass meeting; convention; tournament; competition; grand event
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
record; minutes; record (e.g. in sports); results; to record; to document
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to establish; to formulate
definitely; absolutely; absolute; unconditional; absoluteness
to lose; to be defeated; to succumb; to give in; to be inferior to; to break out in a rash due to (e.g. lacquer, shaving, etc.)
junior high school student; middle school pupil
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
entry (on stage); appearance (on screen); entrance; introduction (into a market)
soccer ball; football (as used in soccer)
model; type (e.g. of machine, goods, etc.); type; style; mold (mould); template; kata (standard form of a movement, posture, etc. in martial arts, sport, etc.)
new; neo-; newness; novelty; Gregorian calendar; Xin dynasty (China, 9-23 CE)
sense; sensation; feeling; intuition
penalty kick; psychokinesis; parkour
beginning; start; first (in line, etc.); origin; such as ...; not to mention ...
fast; quick; early (in the day, etc.); premature; (too) soon; not yet
victory; triumph; conquest; success; win
to seize; to catch; to obtain; to acquire; to understand; to grasp
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
aah!; ooh!; oh no!; oh boy!
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
book; volume; this; present; main; head
to read; to recite (e.g. a sutra); to chant; to predict; to guess; to decipher; to count
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
one's own convenience; one's way; surroundings; environment; convenience; ease of use; financial circumstances
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
author; writer; novelist; artist
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
to take out; to get out; to put out; to reveal; to submit (e.g. thesis); to turn in; to publish
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
diligently; seriously; perfectly; properly; sufficiently; satisfactorily
ugly; unattractive; unsightly; unseemly
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience