Chinese juniper (Juniperus chinensis)
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to sit; to squat; to assume (a position); to hold steady; to hold still
should (be); bound (to be); nock (of a bow); nock (of an arrow); nock-shaped grip (between thumb and forefinger); wooden frame on the tip of the mast of a Japanese ship that prevents the hawser from falling out
and yet; despite this; but even so; but even then; however; nevertheless
to snatch away; to dispossess; to steal
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
yikes!; eek!; ook; eek; customer
sage; wise man; philosopher; sagacity; wisdom; intelligence
fast; quick; early (in the day, etc.); premature; (too) soon; not yet
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
nth son; lang; official title in ancient China; (arch.) man; (arch.) young man; (arch.) my husband
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
since when; from when; how long
is that so? (generally rhetorical)
business trip; official trip
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
come; come now; well; who knows; well now; let's see
in that way; thus; so; so?
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
conclusion from reasoning, judgement or calculation based on something read or heard; reason; cause; meaning; circumstances; situation
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
representation; agency; proxy; deputy; agent; attorney
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to work (for); to be employed (at); to serve (as); to act (as); to conduct a religious service
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...