indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
painful; difficult; distressing; (psychologically) difficult; straitened (circumstances); tight (financial situation)
stinking; smelly; suspicious; fishy; hammy (acting); over-the-top; clumsy
bitter (taste); sour (expression, look); bitter; bitter (e.g. experience); painful
painful; bitter; tough; difficult; cruel; harsh
Chinese juniper (Juniperus chinensis)
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; penis; (one's) thing
oh; oh my; oh dear; well, ...; er ...; why, ...
sorting of documents; filing documents
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
to be enthusiastic (about); to be eager (to do); to be keen; to be intent (on); to be determined
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
a lot; a great deal; plentifully; properly; sufficiently; fully
interval; period of time; among; between; good opportunity; chance
to sleep (lying down); to go to bed; to lie in bed; to lie down; to sleep (with someone, i.e. have intercourse); to lie flat (e.g. of hair); to lie idle (of funds, stock, etc.)
I; me; you; (arch.) manservant
face; visage; look; (facial) expression; honor (honour); face; influence
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
socks; sock; stockings; stocking
to place on (something); to give (someone) a ride; to give a lift; to pick up
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
smell; scent; aura; whiff; faint, mist-like pattern along the temper line of a Japanese sword
sensitive; alert; aware; susceptible
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
-ness; indicates assertion; come (on); come now; er; um; indicates scrutiny, critique or mistrust
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
already; yet; soon; shortly; further; more
dangerous weapon; lethal weapon; deadly weapon; murder weapon
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
particulars; details; specified items
to get up; to rise; to wake up; to be awake; to occur (usu. of unfavourable incidents); to happen
Sagami (former province located in present-day Kanagawa Prefecture)
field; plain; prairie; tundra; moor; wilderness
event; affair; incident; case; plot; trouble
actual spot; scene (of a crime, accident, etc.); (on) site; (on) the ground; filming location; (movie) set