sound of footsteps; sense or sign that something is approaching
language; dialect; word; phrase; speech; (manner of) speaking
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
declaration of brain death; determination of brain death; diagnosis of brain death
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
various; varied; diverse; all sorts of
registration; accession; register; entry; record
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix
family; members of a family
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
intention; wish; purpose; mind (to do)
that is so; that is right; it looks to me; people say that; it is said that; I hear that
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
outsider; someone outside of a group
leaving (e.g. work at end of day); withdrawal (e.g. from a noble's or superior's presence); exit (e.g. from a market)
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
somehow; how; in what way; why; what kind of
consent; assent; agreement; understanding; comprehension; grasp
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
state; condition; situation; appearance; circumstances
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to continue; to last; to continue (without a break); to be unbroken; to occur again and again; to lead to; to connect to
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to have a talk; to tell a story
(what) the heck; (why) in the world; one object; one body; one form; one style
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
mysterious power of words to alter reality
to operate (e.g. a machine); to handle; to have a good command of (a language); to play proficiently (of a musical instrument); to work (a puppet); to pull the strings of a puppet
soul; spirit; departed soul; ghost
deed (esp. negative); act; action; one's doing