to grapple with; to wrestle with; to engage in a bout; to tackle (e.g. a problem); to come to grips with; to work hard on
promotion of industry; encouragement of new industry
enrich the country, strengthen the army (Meiji era government slogan)
opposition; rivalry; competition; antagonism
major powers of the world; great powers
Western Europe; the West; the Occident; Europe
when it becomes; when it comes to
position; location; base; point; site
one large ...; a great ...
to aim at (for, to do, to become); to try for; to have an eye on; to go toward; to head for
modernization; modernisation
garden (esp. man-made); orchard; park; place; location
rock; boulder; crag; cliff; anchor
secondary residence; vacation home; villa
loveable; very likeable; like very much
as a child; when one was a child; childhood
to talk; to speak; to tell; to explain; to speak (a language)
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
married couple; husband and wife; man and wife; his and hers; pair of objects, one larger (for man), one smaller (for woman)
fellow; mutual; companion; comrade
liked; well-liked; in love (with); loved; faddism; eccentricity
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
(what) the heck; (why) in the world; one object; one body; one form; one style
same; identical; equal; anyway; anyhow; in either case
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
to put in; to let in; to admit; to accept; to accept; to comply; to include
prison; jail; gaol; firm; solid; strong
to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold
state ceremony; laborious; troublesome; irksome
let me humbly say; most humbly; with all due respect
lord; nobleman; daimyō; dignitary; master
to become known; to come to light; to be known; to be understood; to clearly not amount to much; to be insignificant
may; might; perhaps; may be; possibly
seppuku; harakiri; ritual suicide by disembowelment; seppuku as a death penalty (where the convict is decapitated by a second as they make the motions to disembowel themself; Edo period)
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing