hearing casually; hearing by chance; learning by hearsay
revere the Emperor; expel the western barbarians (19th century slogan)
(artistic) accomplishments
Yoshida Shouin (1830.9.20-1859.11.21)
growth; development; one's early life; upbringing; personal history
special pardon; (general) amnesty
peak; summit; ridge; back of a blade
large feudal domain; large fiefdom; powerful clan
to be cured; to be healed; to cure; to heal; to rule
nursing; (protective) care
origin; beginning; genesis; primeval; primordial; primitive
this one; this way; this method
daimyo's main Tokyo mansion
losing initiative; being forestalled; second move (in go or shogi); moving second; rear guard
extremely rude (impertinent, impolite)
pardon; remission; amnesty
further; farther; furthermore; all the more; even more
Ōsumi (former province located in the east of present-day Kagoshima Prefecture, including the Amami Islands)
congratulation; congratulations; celebration; congratulatory gift; present
mania; enthusiasm; maniac; enthusiast; nut
what is called; what they call; so-called
outside daimyo; non-Tokugawa daimyo; outsider; one not included in the favored (favoured) group
to pen; to write; to draw
being a victim of (some disaster); suffering from
absentmindedness; dreaminess; simpleton; fool
pretending not to know; feigning ignorance
your wife; his wife; secret meeting; secrecy
alas; regrettably; to my great regret; tragically
great debt of gratitude; great obligation