wedding; bridal procession; marriage into a family
point; tip; head (of a line); front; first; before; (the way) ahead
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
public matter; governmental matter; prince; duke; lord; sir
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well...; I think...
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
-less; lacking; non-existing
public affairs; the court; the shogun; the shogunate
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
family a woman has married into
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
family positioned to accede to the shogunate
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to announce; to tell; to sentence; to order
wife of a shogun or a highest-ranking nobleman
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
severe; strict; hard (to do); difficult; intense (e.g. cold); harsh (weather)
education; schooling; training; culture; cultivation; education
to receive; to get; to catch (e.g. a ball); to be struck by (wind, waves, sunlight, etc.); to sustain (damage); to incur (a loss); to undergo (e.g. surgery)
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
in that way; thus; so; so?
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
thirteen; 13; king (playing card)
charge; cost; generation; age; era; a representative of; on behalf of
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
meeting face-to-face; seeing in person; facing (each other); opposing (traffic, etc.); confronting
to accomplish; to achieve; to carry out; to do ... completely; to do ... entirely
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
audience (with a person of high standing)
to come true (of a wish, prayer, etc.); to be realized; to suit (e.g. a purpose); to meet (wishes, ideals, etc.); to match (implies competition); to rival
used to indicate respect for the listener (or reader)
let me humbly say; most humbly; with all due respect
emperor; shogun; honored person (honoured); (another person's) wife
new; neo-; newness; novelty; Gregorian calendar; Xin dynasty (China, 9-23 CE)
wife of a shogun or a highest-ranking nobleman
Satsuma (former province located in the west of present-day Kagoshima Prefecture); sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas)
than; from; out of; except; but; more
receiving; welcoming; going to meet; final call; call of fate; approach of death
previously; already; for some time; for quite a while