indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
cry (esp. animal); roar; chirp; tweet; bark; whine
new; neo-; newness; novelty; Gregorian calendar; Xin dynasty (China, 9-23 CE)
greens; vegetables; rape (Brassica napus); rapeseed
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
hiding at all costs; desperate cover-up; doing one's best to keep (something) secret
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
truth; reality; truly; really; absolute truth
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to desire; to wish; to beg; to request; to have something done for oneself
female high-school student
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
speaking voice; talking voice
to irritate one; to get on one's nerves
blue; azure; green; pale; gray; unripe
fruit; nut; berry; fruits; profit
navel; belly button; protrusion or depression in the middle of an object; center; centre
tongue; tongue-like object; clapper (of a bell); talon (of a lock)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to trace (drawing); to follow; to imitate; to copy; to reproduce
going up and down; going back and forth
mountain; hill; mine (e.g. coal mine); heap; pile; crown (of a hat); thread (of a screw)
speaking of ...; when it comes to ...; as for ...; if one were to say ...
being able to hear something (clearly); clearness of a sound; reputation; renown; impression (that something gives off); respectability
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
hard; solid; stiff; tight; strong; firm (not viscous or easily moved); safe
before long; soon; almost; nearly; finally; in the end
to arrive at (after a struggle); to finally reach; to find one's way to; to finally hit on (e.g. an idea)
pleasant feeling; pleasant sensation; pleasure
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
open; frank; outspoken; unreserved; straightforward; honest
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now
simple; plain; uncomplicated; straightforward; simple-minded; naive
displeasure; discomfort; unpleasantness; indisposition; ailment
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
crash; smash; crunch; bang; breaking sound
soft; tender; limp; subdued (colour or light) (color); gentle; meek
thicket; coppice; brushwood