one's nature; one's feelings; plain; unadorned; mere; poor
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to protect; to guard; to defend; to keep (i.e. a promise); to abide (by the rules); to observe
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
association; union; guild
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
doing together (as equals); sharing; common (land, etc.); joint (statement, etc.); cooperation; co-operation
place; spot; field; discipline; occasion; situation; scene (of a play, movie, etc.)
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
to go smoothly; to turn out well; to do the trick; to have peaceful relations
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
how; in what way; how about
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
last drink (of sake); last glass; last cup
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to take responsibility (for a fallout); to accept the blame; to take the blame
one's own convenience; one's way; surroundings; environment; convenience; ease of use; financial circumstances
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be lost (e.g. luggage); to be missing; to be used up; to be run out; to disappear (e.g. pain); to be lost (e.g. a dream, confidence)
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
right (to do something); authority; power
possession; ownership; Tibet; Tibetan people
funny; amusing; strange; odd; improper; unsuitable
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
body; torso; trunk; build; physique; health
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
slowly; quietly; steadily; soon; momentarily; before long
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very