to change; to swap; to change the object of one's interest or focus; to spend or take time; to infect; to permeate something with the smell or colour of something; to move on to the next or different stage of (a plan, etc.)
domain administrative headquarters (early Meiji)
defense; defence; defensive preparations
bush clover; Japanese clover (any flowering plant of genus Lespedeza); dark red exterior with blue interior (color combination worn in autumn); Hagi (city in Yamaguchi)
Bakumatsu period; closing days of the Tokugawa shogunate; end of the Edo period
important point; strategic position; key point
traffic; transportation; communication; exchange (of ideas, etc.); intercourse
place; situation; position; location
center; centre; middle; -centered; -centred; -focused
to be able (to); to be possible (to)
force; strength; capability; ability; efficacy; effect; effort
to conquer (e.g. an enemy); to defeat; to overcome (a difficulty); to out-hit
army; armed forces; military authorities; team; group
consent; assent; agreement; understanding; comprehension; grasp
to manage; to arrange; to talk over; to dispose of
retainer; attendant; escort
to live through; to survive
oh; ho; exclamation of surprise, admiration, etc.; hoo (owl call); toot (sound of a flute)
favorite; favourite; pet (e.g. teacher's pet); bookmark (in web browser)
to order; to send away for; to have (something) sent to one; to pull (something) closer
doctor; PhD; exposition; fair; exhibition
to burst into tears; to burst out crying; to begin to cry; to be moved to tears
to run away; to flee; to make off; to start to run away
when; at what time; how soon; normal times; ordinary days
bet; wager; stake; gamble
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
enemy of the emperor; rebel against the imperial government
death in battle; death on the battlefield
to ask (humbly); to request (humbly)
best regards; please remember me; please treat me favorably (favourably); please take care of
please; kindly; by all means; certainly; here you are; to give
charge; duty; person in charge; connection; linking
underling; person of low standing; grunt; petty (work, official, etc.); minor; lowly
to serve; to work for; to attend
next; next person; room adjoining a noble's parlor
notice or order handed down from above; announcement; notification; Edo-period proclamation issued by the shogunate (or a daimyo, etc.) to the concerned parties
concentration; diligence; asceticism; zeal in one's quest for enlightenment; adherence to a vegetarian diet