indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to be able (to); to be possible (to)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
number one; first; best; most; game; round
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to kill; to slay; to suppress; to block; to suppress (a voice, feelings, etc.); to hold back
with all due respect; I'm sorry, but ...; I'm afraid ...
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
company president; manager; director
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
morning; breakfast; (arch.) next morning
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
liked; well-liked; in love (with); loved; faddism; eccentricity
please; kindly; by all means; certainly; here you are; to give
establishment; creation; posing (a problem); options setting; preference settings; configuration
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
let me see; well; errr ...; uhh ...
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
tablet; pill; tablet; tablet computer; tablet; (inscribed) slab
in that way; thus; so; so?
until now; so far; up to the present
(Japanese) feature phone; traditional Japanese-style cell phone (in contrast to smart phones)
finally; at last; in the end; after all; never (happened)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to turn one's hand to; to reach out one's hand; to get involved in; to make a move on; to strike; to beat
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker