actual spot; scene (of a crime, accident, etc.); (on) site; (on) the ground; filming location; (movie) set
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
Hyōgo Prefecture (Kinki area)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
Osaka-Kobe; Hanshin (company name: railway, dept. store, baseball team, etc.)
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
metre (unit of length); meter; meter; gauge
extent; degree; limit; bounds; (span of) time; (a) distance; the state of
li (one of the trigrams of the I Ching: fire, south)
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
condominium (usu. mid or high-rise); apartment building; apartment house; block of flats; apartment; flat
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to stand in a row (e.g. shops on a street); to line in a row; to line
place; location; room; space; sumo tournament
to anyone; to everyone; by anyone; by everyone; in everyone; in anyone
to invade; to raid; to infringe; to encroach; to harm; to afflict
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
light; illumination; ray; happiness; hope; influence; power
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to reach; to touch; to be delivered; to arrive; to be attentive; to be scrupulous
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
to sink; to go under; to go down (e.g. sun); to set; to feel depressed; to become subdued
to begin; to start; to happen (again); to begin (anew); to date (from); to originate (in)
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
to come unstuck from; to peel off; to come off
to cut; to cut through; to sever (connections, ties); to turn off (e.g. the light); to terminate (e.g. a conversation); to hang up (the phone); to punch (a ticket)
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
strong; potent; strong; brawny; good (at); skilled; being able to handle
to stand (something) up; to put upright; to thrust into; to bury into; to make (a noise); to let out; to raise (a cloud of dust, smoke, etc.)
solution; solution strategy
to shake; to waver; to tremble
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
now; the present time; just now; another; more
to change; to be transformed; to move to; to be different; to be uncommon