one child; only child; one of several children (esp. the son and heir); one stone (in the game of go)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to run along; to run beside; to follow (a policy, plan, etc.); to act in accordance with; to meet (wishes, expectations, etc.); to satisfy
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
to receive; to get; to eat; to drink; to be crowned with; to wear (on one's head)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
finally; at last; in the end; after all; never (happened)
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
waiting expectantly; waiting eagerly; looking forward to; long-awaited
circumference; girth; surroundings; neighbourhood; people surrounding oneself; surrounding circumstances
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
role; assignment; position (of responsibility); post; part (in a play, film, etc.); role
granny; grandma; gran; old lady; old woman
to be useful; to be helpful; to serve the purpose
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
flower; blossom; cherry blossom; beauty; blooming (esp. of cherry blossoms); ikebana; hanafuda
book; volume; this; present; main; head
brightness; discernment; insight; eyesight; vision; nth year in the Meiji era (1868.9.8-1912.7.30)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to feel; to sense; to experience
ordinary; common; free of charge; unaffected; as is; only
one; for one thing; only; (not) even; just (e.g. "just try it"); some kind of; one type of
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
Liao (dynasty, 916-1125 CE); Khitan Empire
that way; that direction; that (one); that person; there; over there
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
disquieting; threatening; turbulent; restless; unsettled; disturbing
air; atmosphere; mood; situation; someone with no presence; someone who doesn't stand out at all
how; in what way; how about
to act (a part); to play (a role); to perform (a play, etc.); to put on (a production); to commit (a blunder); to disgrace oneself
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
by all means; at any cost; whether (one is) willing or not; willingly or unwillingly; on no account; by no means
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
no good; not serving its purpose; hopeless; wasted; cannot; must not
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
the place for; the time for; the level of