inspection (e.g. customs, factory); examination; scan (e.g. MRI, PET, etc.)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
illness (usu. excluding minor ailments, e.g. common cold); disease; bad habit; bad behaviour; crazy; insane
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be found; to be discovered
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop
perhaps; probably; generous; many; much
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
long (distance, length); long (time); protracted; prolonged
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to live; to exist; to make a living; to subsist; to be in effect; to be in use
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
how can (one) do something
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
now; the present time; just now; another; more
as it is; as one likes; because; condition; state
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
alone; by oneself; on one's own
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
coolness; calmness; composure; all right; fine; OK
goodbye; so long; saying goodbye to (e.g. life as a bachelor); putting an end to; farewell (performance, party, etc.); final
good; excellent; fine; nice; pleasant; agreeable
the other day; lately; recently; meanwhile; in the meantime
I'm sorry; my apologies; may I come in?; permission; leave; dismissal
swiftly; rapidly; suddenly; abruptly; sharply (of a slope, bend, etc.); steeply
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
as expected; sure enough; after all (is said and done); in the end; too; also
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
wrong; not good; hopeless; past hope; must not do
(for something) to have occurred; to have done (something); (for something) to happen on occasion
sudden; abrupt; urgent; pressing; steep; sharp; rapid
tasks; things to do; errand; business (to take care of); affairs; engagement
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?