lovely; wonderful; nice; great; fantastic; superb
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
to take out; to get out; to put out; to reveal; to submit (e.g. thesis); to turn in; to publish
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
wonderful; marvelous; strange; strangely enough; oddly enough; for some reason
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
absurd; unreasonable; extreme; senseless; disorderly; chaotic
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
well then ...; in that situation; in which case
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
minute (unit of time); fun (one tenth of a monme, 5.787 grains)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
all together now!; one, two, go!; ready, set, go!; heave, ho!; oops-a-daisy
two persons; two people; pair; couple
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
time; hour; period; class
Sunday; day (of the month); counter for days; Japan
correspondence (to); equivalence; suitability; coordination; dealing with; coping with
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
standing for; advocating; championing; professing (to be)
Nagano prefecture (Chūbu area)
something broad and flat; common; ordinary; low-ranking employee; freshman
origin; source; base; basis; cause; ingredient; material
hospital; clinic; doctor's office; doctor's surgery; infirmary
eye; eyeball; eyesight; sight; look; stare; notice