that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
dignity; majesty; sanctity
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to protect; to guard; to defend; to keep (i.e. a promise); to abide (by the rules); to observe
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
measure; step; dealing with; medical treatment
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
to be worried; to be troubled
everything; all; the whole; entirely; completely; wholly
to rescue (someone); to save; to help (out of a difficulty); to save (spiritually); to redeem (from sin); to deliver (from suffering, distress, etc.)
intention; plan; belief; assumption; estimate; estimation
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
teacher; instructor; sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.; intimate or teasing form of address; (arch.) one's elder
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
for the first time; only after ... is it ...; only when ... do you ...; first time; (one's) first
medicine; pharmaceuticals; efficacious chemical (gunpowder, pesticide, etc.); (pottery) glaze; (illegal) drug; narcotic
death; (an) out; death penalty (by strangulation or decapitation; most severe of the five ritsuryō punishments)
general idea; concept; notion
fear; dread; dismay; terror; horror; scare
true; real; genuine; proper; utter
relief; aid; help; (religious) salvation; (Christian) grace
to change; to alter; to transform; to reform; to revise; to amend
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; penis; (one's) thing
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
not only ... (but also); not just; as well as
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to aim at (with a weapon, etc.); to be after (something or someone); to have an eye on; to aim for; to set up as a goal
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!