teacher; instructor; sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.; intimate or teasing form of address; (arch.) one's elder
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
thanks to ...; owing to ...; because of ...
determination; resolution
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be attached; to be connected with; to remain imprinted; to scar; to bear (fruit, interest, etc.); to be acquired (of a habit, ability, etc.); to increase (of strength, etc.)
waste (of money, time, etc.); squandering; frittering away
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to often be the case; to occur frequently; to be common; to be popular
yen (Japanese monetary unit); circle
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
splendid; nice; sufficient; fine (in the sense of "I'm fine"); well enough; OK
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
something; some; somehow; for some reason; (is there) something (you want, etc.)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
to give; to confer; to bestow; to kindly do for one; to oblige; to favour
really; truly; indeed; good grief
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
fast; quick; early (in the day, etc.); premature; (too) soon; not yet
busy; occupied; hectic; restless; hurried; fidgety
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to tell someone's fortune; to forecast; to predict; to divine
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
future (usually near); prospects
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
always; all the time; never; usual; regular
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
time; hour; period; class
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
honorific/polite/humble prefix
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
business; trade; operations; sales
how much; how many; however (much); no matter how; what matters is ...; it all comes down to ...