(common) soldier; rank and file; army; troops; warfare; strategy
how; in what way; how about; questionable
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to pierce; to stab; to sting; to bite; to sew; to stitch; to pole (a boat)
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
now; the present time; just now; another; more
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
adds force or indicates command
all present; all concerned; all of us
honorific/polite/humble prefix
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
(sound of a) gunshot; (gun) report
close (e.g. of business); leaving (e.g. school); being outdone; compare unfavourably (with); closing price (stockmarket); sink mark (casting, moulding)
trouble (I have put you through); (your) hard work; thank you for your hard work; I appreciate your efforts
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
to act violently; to rage; to struggle; to be riotous
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
enough; sufficient; sufficiently; fully; division into ten
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
next; following; subsequent; stage; station
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
how; in what way; how about
last night; yesterday evening
surely; certainly; no doubt; indeed
to become confused (disconcerted, disorganized, disorganised); to be flustered; to panic; to hurry; to rush; to hasten
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
haste; hurry; expedition; speed; dispatch
battle formation; camp; encampment; group; gang; war
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
imperial capital (esp. Kyoto); final word of an iroha poem; 10^16; 10,000,000,000,000,000
to turn back (e.g. half-way); to return; to go back; to recover (e.g. something lost); to be returned; to rebound
should (be); bound (to be); nock (of a bow); nock (of an arrow); nock-shaped grip (between thumb and forefinger); wooden frame on the tip of the mast of a Japanese ship that prevents the hawser from falling out