picturesque scenery; place of scenic beauty
one's wife; one's wife and daughter or daughters
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
deplorable; regrettable; disappointing; vexing; unfortunate
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
you (when referring to one's equals or inferiors)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
surely; certainly; no doubt; indeed
wise; sagacious; intelligent; sensible
will; probably; may; I think; surely; I hope
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
to live; to exist; to make a living; to subsist; to be in effect; to be in use
above; up; top; summit; surface; before; previous
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
important; serious; valuable; precious; serious matter; major incident
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
wife; (arch.) my dear; (arch.) dear; garnish (esp. one served with sashimi); embellishment
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to be taught; to learn; to take lessons in
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well...; I think...
now; the present time; just now; another; more
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
to heal; to cure; to satisfy (e.g. hunger, thirst); to alleviate (e.g. sorrow, fatigue)
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
probably isn't (doesn't, won't, etc.); don't (doesn't) intend to; intend not to; must not; (when used in an imperative sentence) don't
how; in what way; how about
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
for a moment; for a minute; for a while; for some time; for the time being; for now
high rice field; very fertile rice field
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be (animate); to be; to be ..ing; to (have the audacity to) do
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
whenever you want; any time you like
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and