indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
liked; well-liked; in love (with); loved; faddism; eccentricity
association; socializing; socialising; fellowship
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to receive; to get; to eat; to drink; to be crowned with; to wear (on one's head)
don't you think?; indicates question
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
teacher; instructor; sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.; intimate or teasing form of address; (arch.) one's elder
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
after all; because; but; even; too; as well
to think (about, of); to think over; to consider; to bear in mind; to think (that); to believe; to intend (to do)
excuse me; pardon me; I'm sorry; thank you
now; the present time; just now; another; more
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to return; to come home; to leave; to get home; to get to home plate
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to draw; to paint; to depict; to describe; to picture in one's mind; to imagine
somehow; how; in what way; why; what kind of
the other day; lately; recently; meanwhile; in the meantime
advance arrangements; preparatory meeting; overlap (of a coat, etc.); (arch.) making something match exactly
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
no problem; all right; not an issue; unobjectionable
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish
how; in what way; why; for what reason; cannot possibly; no way
sudden; abrupt; urgent; pressing; steep; sharp; rapid
to advance; to go forward; to precede; to go ahead (of); to make progress; to improve; to deepen
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
may; might; perhaps; may be; possibly
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
huh?; eh?; what?; oh; hey!; look!
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that