time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
danger; peril; hazard; risk
dangerous weapon; lethal weapon; deadly weapon; murder weapon
when it becomes; when it comes to
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to convey; to report; to transmit; to communicate; to tell; to impart
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
lesson; precept; teachings; moral
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
while; during; while; although; all; both
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
distinction; difference; separate; different; exception; exclusion
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
to open; to undo; to bloom; to unfold; to open (for business, e.g. in the morning); to be wide (gap, etc.); to widen
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
excursion; field trip; school trip
point; tip; head (of a line); front; first; before; (the way) ahead
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
little girl; maiden; young lady; (arch.) female between 17 and 20 years old (ritsuryo period)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to disappear; to vanish; to go out (of a fire, light, etc.); to die; to fade (of a feeling, impression, etc.); to vanish (e.g. of hope); to go away (e.g. of a smell, itchiness, sleepiness)
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
recollection; retrospection; reflection; reminiscence
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to reach; to touch; to be delivered; to arrive; to be attentive; to be scrupulous
to memorize; to memorise; to commit to memory; to learn by heart; to bear in mind; to remember
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
how; in what way; why; for what reason; cannot possibly; no way
Japanese hackberry (Celtis sinensis var. japonica); Chinese nettle tree; enoki mushroom (Flammulina velutipes); winter mushroom; velvet shank
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
together (with); at the same time; in a lump
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing