today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
to gather; to collect; to assemble
to receive; to take; to get someone to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
senior (at school, work, etc.); superior; elder; older person; predecessor
riverside; riverbank; edge of a river
Mr; Mrs; Miss; politeness marker
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop
reason; grounds; pretext; excuse; motive
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
clearly; plainly; distinctly; to be clear; to be definite; to be certain
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
as expected; sure enough; after all (is said and done); in the end; too; also
curse; spell; malediction
yikes!; eek!; ook; eek; customer
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
suffix for familiar person
large river (esp. the Yangtze); Lake Biwa
Japanese chestnut (Castanea crenata)
horse; horse racing; promoted bishop; knight (court card in mekuri karuta and unsun karuta)
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
continuation; succession; series; continuous
to get up; to rise; to wake up; to be awake; to occur (usu. of unfavourable incidents); to happen
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to take (someone) with one; to bring along; to go with; to be accompanied by
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
please (give me); please (do for me)
to save; to rescue; to help; to assist; to support (financially); to contribute (to)
may; might; perhaps; may be; possibly
before one's eyes; in front of one; under one's nose; immediate; imminent; around the corner
to go; to move (towards); to move through; to travel across; to go (well, badly, etc.); to proceed; to do (in a particular way)
already; yet; soon; shortly; further; more
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience