adds force or indicates command
honorific/polite/humble prefix
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
in that way; thus; so; so?
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
terrible; dreadful; amazing (e.g. of strength); great (e.g. of skills); to a great extent; vast (in numbers)
please; kindly; by all means; certainly; here you are; to give
excuse me; pardon me; I'm sorry; thank you
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
song; singing; classical Japanese poem (esp. tanka); modern poetry
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
something like ...; things like ...; someone like ...; the likes of ...
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
now; the present time; just now; another; more
traveller; traveler; wayfarer; tourist
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
suffix for familiar person
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
that being the case; because of ...; the reason is ...; given that ...
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
business; trade; operations; sales
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
room; chamber; apartment; flat; stable
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...
to sing; to sing (one's praises in a poem, etc.); to compose a poem; to recite a poem
picturesque (scenery); unspoilt; beautiful
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
to drink; to gulp; to smoke (tobacco); to engulf; to overwhelm; to keep down; to suppress
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that...
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
to stop (an activity); to cease; to discontinue; to cancel; to abandon; to give up