indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
bear (any mammal of family Ursidae)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...
health care center; health care centre; animal shelter
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
honorific/polite/humble prefix
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
bad; poor; poor (quality); inferior; evil; sinful; ugly
to eat; to live on (e.g. a salary); to live off; to subsist on
name; given name; first name
to resemble; to look like; to be like; to be alike; to be similar; to take after
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well...; I think...
danger; peril; hazard; risk
sad; miserable; unhappy; sad; lamentable; deplorable
that child; that kid; that boy; (arch.) you
to give; to confer; to bestow; to kindly do for one; to oblige; to favour
happy; glad; pleased; joyful; delightful; gratifying
to make noise; to make racket; to rustle; to swoosh; to make merry; to clamor; to clamour
some time ago; recently; lately; last (Sunday, etc.); previous
to fish; to look for; to search for; to go on a spree (spending, reading, etc.); to binge
brown bear (Ursus arctos)