blood; blood; ancestry; (the) blood; feelings
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to compete; to contest; to quarrel; to argue; to deny (e.g. evidence)
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
teacher; instructor; sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.; intimate or teasing form of address; (arch.) one's elder
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
cartoon; comic; comic strip; manga
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to read; to recite (e.g. a sutra); to chant; to predict; to guess; to decipher; to count
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
maid; helper; help; assistance
any; anything; whatever; I am told; I hear; I understand
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to raise; to elevate; to do up (one's hair); to fly (a kite, etc.); to launch (fireworks, etc.); to land (a boat); to deep-fry
anyhow; at any rate; anyway; somehow or other; generally speaking; in any case
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
to distance oneself (from); to keep (something or someone) at a distance; to maintain a distance (from)
no good; not serving its purpose; hopeless; wasted; cannot; must not
to; for; from the standpoint of; as far as ... is concerned
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
to request; to beg; to call; to order; to entrust to; to rely on
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to part (usu. of people); to part from; to separate (of a couple); to break up; to lose (e.g. one's mother); to be bereaved
please (give me); please (do for me)
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
one; for one thing; only; (not) even; just (e.g. "just try it"); some kind of; one type of
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
lintel (esp. one with grooves for sliding doors)
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
how; in what way; why; for what reason; cannot possibly; no way
everyday; daily; ordinary; usual; routine; regular