close (e.g. friend); familiar; familiar (e.g. story); well-known (to one); close (relatives); closely related
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
unexpectedly; surprisingly; unexpected; unanticipated; unforeseen
difficult; hard; impossible; unfeasible; fussy; particular; gloomy
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
relation; relationship; participation; involvement; influence; effect
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to get complicated; to grow worse; to turn sour
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
end; conclusion; last; final; once ...; the moment ... (, that's it)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
Mr; Mrs; Miss; politeness marker
to know; to be aware (of); to sense; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; 's; of
to give birth; to bear (child); to lay (eggs); to produce; to yield; to give rise to
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to part (usu. of people); to part from; to separate (of a couple); to break up; to lose (e.g. one's mother); to be bereaved
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
should (be); bound (to be); nock (of a bow); nock (of an arrow); nock-shaped grip (between thumb and forefinger); wooden frame on the tip of the mast of a Japanese ship that prevents the hawser from falling out
future; (future) prospects; bringing (from abroad, another region, etc.); bringing about; giving rise to
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
always; without exception; necessarily; certainly; without fail; positively
to fulfill one's responsibilities
now; the present time; just now; another; more
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
teacher; instructor; sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.; intimate or teasing form of address; (arch.) one's elder
to go against; to fight against; to oppose; to resist; to deny
woman; female; female lover; girlfriend; mistress
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
end; close; finish; end of play (in go)
consideration; examination; investigation; study; scrutiny; discussion
to enter; to come in; to join (a club, company, etc.); to enter (a university, the army, etc.); to be contained (in); to be included (in); to (be able to) fit (in a container, building, etc.)