all present; all concerned; all of us
ray (any fish of superorder Batoidea)
yo!; hello there!; wow!; oh!; yah! (yell)
source (of a river); fountainhead; source; origin; root
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
news; word; tidings; omen
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to hold a memorial service for the dead, praying for their happiness in the next life by chanting sutras
pillar; post; support; prop; counter for buddhas, gods, nobles, etc.
particularly; especially; indicates the number of horses or oxen drawing a carriage; indicates the number of oars on a boat; indicates the number of movies, plays, etc. comprising a single program; indicates the number of items or methods used
ceremony; matter; affair; with regard to; as for
seat; location (of a gathering, etc.); place; position; post
feudal lord; (arch.) mansion; (arch.) palace
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to say; to tell; to state; to do
a short while ago; a moment ago; just now; some time ago
Nagato (former province located in the west of present-day Yamaguchi Prefecture)
than; from; out of; except; but; more
to arrive at; to reach; to sit on; to sit at (e.g. the table)
March; third month of the lunar calendar
twenty-fourth day of the month; twenty-four days
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); (arch.) province (of Japan)
platform; podium; (ceremonial) mound; world (of haiku, art, etc.); (literary) circles; (arch.) mandala
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to lead; to spearhead (a group); to command (troops)
Genji (the character in the Genji Monogatari); the Minamoto family
group engaged in some activity (players, companies, forces, etc.)
Heike family; Taira family; The Tale of the Heike; chanting of the Heike Monogatari
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
to break; to smash; to defeat; to destroy; to eliminate
family; clan; sect; school; group of related sumo stables
in succession; one by one
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to throw oneself (into an activity)
hour of the Monkey (around 4pm, 3-5pm, or 4-6pm)
to arrive at (e.g. a decision); to reach (a stage); to lead to (a place); to get to; in the extreme case of; (arch.) to come