bird; bird meat (esp. chicken meat); fowl; poultry
counter for birds, rabbits, etc.
cloistered emperor; ex-emperor who has become a monk
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
death; decease; (arch.) death penalty (by strangulation or decapitation); (an) out
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); (arch.) province (of Japan)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
halving; dividing (into two parts); bisection; the two equinoxes (vernal and autumnal)
battle; fight; war; struggle; conflict
next; following; subsequent; stage; station
person of paramount authority; supreme wielder of power
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
as (much) as possible; as (much) as one can; wherever practicable; if possible
child; kid; (one's) child; offspring; young (animal); young woman; offshoot
Emperor Go-Shirakawa; Go-Shirakawa Tenno (1127-1192 CE, reigning: 1155-1158 CE)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
Sutokujoukou (1119.7.7-1164.9.14) (retired emperor)
older brother; elder brother
younger brother; little brother; brother-in-law (spouse's younger brother or younger sister's husband); (arch.) pupil; (arch.) apprentice
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to compete; to contest; to quarrel; to argue; to deny (e.g. evidence)
emperor (of Japan); mikado
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
retired emperor; ex-emperor; former emperor; emperor emeritus
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to branch; to fork; to separate; to split; to disperse; to scatter
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
victory or defeat; issue (of battle); outcome
(one's) whereabouts; destination; where one is headed; outcome; course (of events); future
to be called ...; to be referred to as ...
force; strength; capability; ability; efficacy; effect; effort
to take (a resource, e.g. time or money); to hang; to come into view; to arrive; to come under (a contract, a tax); to start (engines, motors); to attend
which way; which direction; which one (esp. of two alternatives); who
concerning; regarding; per (e.g. 100 yen per person); for every
to make war (on); to wage war (against); to compete (against); to struggle (against adversities, etc.); to fight
Heike family; Taira family
Genji (the character in the Genji Monogatari); the Minamoto family
family; clan; sect; school; group of related sumo stables