here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
signboard; sign; draw; attraction; reputation (of a shop); name
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to take down; to bring down; to drop off (a passenger); to let off; to withdraw (money); to use for the first time; to wear for the first time
to get; to earn; to understand; to comprehend; to receive something undesirable (e.g. a punishment); to get (ill)
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to bear; to stand; to restrain; to control; to forgive; to put up with
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
ship; boat; tank; tub; counter for boat-shaped containers (e.g. of sashimi)
place; spot; field; discipline; occasion; situation; scene (of a play, movie, etc.)
(abstract) symbol; emblem; representation
-like; sort of; similar to; resembling
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
failure; collapse; breakdown; break-up; bankruptcy
world; society; people; the public
to make a great fuss; to raise a hue and cry; to make an uproar; to clamour
older sister; elder sister; young lady; miss; ma'am
marriage proposal; marriage talks
how many times; how many degrees (temperature, angle, etc.)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to turn over; to turn upside down; to knock over; to tip over; to overturn (e.g. a decision); to upset
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
suffix for familiar person
formal marriage interview; marriage meeting
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
to put in; to let in; to admit; to accept; to accept; to comply; to include
10,000; ten thousand; myriad; everything; all; (arch.) various
approximately; about; to (about) the extent that; (almost) enough that; as ... as ...; like
seeming ...; appearing ...; -ish; like a ...; typical of ...
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!