hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
hm; um; huh?; what?; nuh-uh; no
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now
in that way; thus; so; so?
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
nonexistent; not being (there); not having; not
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
idiot; moron; trivial matter; folly; stupid; foolish
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
bungler; greenhorn; clumsy; poor hand
knight; keima (in go); knight's move; stone placed at a knight's jump from another stone of the same color
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
now; the present time; just now; another; more
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...