ordinary person; untitled individual
oak; daimyo oak; Japanese emperor oak; Quercus dentata
small peninsula; cape; promontory; headland
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
idea; plan; fancy; impulse; thought; whim
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
district; region; the country; countryside; civilian society
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
hurriedly; in a hurry; in haste; (arch.) sudden
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
(not) at all; (not) in the slightest; wholly; entirely; extremely; very
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
isn't it?; don't you think?; right?; surely; come on
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
to take off one's clothes; to undress
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to anyone; to everyone; by anyone; by everyone; in everyone; in anyone
to get angry; to get mad; to tell someone off; to scold; to be angular; to be square
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
isn't it?; let's ...; why don't we ...; how about we ...
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
approximately; about; to (about) the extent that; (almost) enough that; as ... as ...; like
everyone; anyone; no one; nobody
as a test; as an experiment; by way of experiment; by way of trial; tentatively
upper half of the body; upper body
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
hobby; pastime; tastes; preference; liking
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
to push; to press; to apply pressure from above; to press down; to stamp (i.e. a passport); to apply a seal; to affix (e.g. gold leaf)
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
to finish; to end; to merely result in something less severe than expected; to feel at ease; to feel unease or guilt for troubling someone; to be sorry