kombu (usu. Saccharina japonica); konbu; kelp; any edible species from the family Laminariaceae
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
soup containing rice cakes and vegetables (New Year's dish)
mochi; (sticky) rice cake
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
to mince; to cut fine; to carve; to engrave; to tick away (time); to beat out (e.g. rhythm); to etch (into one's mind)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
delicious; tasty; sweet; attractive; appealing; convenient
sorry; excuse me; thank you
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
story; tale; talk; discussion
when; at what time; how soon; normal times; ordinary days
period; epoch; the times; those days; oldness; ancientness
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to say; to be called; to do
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
Tenpō era (1830.12.10-1844.12.2)
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
charge; cost; generation; age; era; a representative of; on behalf of
public matter; governmental matter; prince; duke; lord; sir
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
I'm sorry; (it's) inexcusable; thank you very much (for help, etc.)
slow; time-consuming; late (in the day); towards the end (of the day or night); later (than expected or usual); late
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
clear weather; fine weather; formal; ceremonial; cleared of suspicion
aah!; ooh!; oh no!; oh boy!
master; teacher; stable master
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
sleeping in late; oversleeping; late riser; sleepyhead
sentence-ending particle expressing doubt
always; all the time; never; usual; regular
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...