your Excellency; his Excellency; her Excellency
within the borders of a country; domestic soil; inland; interior; Japan proper (as opposed to its overseas colonies); homeland
than; rather than; instead of; from; out of; except
contacting; (making) contact; connection (with a train, bus, etc.); joining (a railway line, etc.); connection (between matters, incidents, etc.); relation
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
spirit; mind; nature; disposition; intention; mind; mood
marsh; swamp; obsession; addiction; ugly man; retard
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
discovery; detection; finding
that is so; that is right; it looks to me; people say that; it is said that; I hear that
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
katsura (Cercidiphyllum japonicum); Japanese Judas tree
prime minister; chancellor (Germany, Austria, etc.); premier
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
news; word; tidings; omen; foreboding; premonition
so; therefore; accordingly; consequently; on those grounds; that is why
certain; sure; no doubt; reliable; dependable
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
war funds; war expenditures
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
clamour; clamor; uproar; tumult; furore; furor
enough; sufficient; sufficiently; fully; division into ten
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
to be effective; to take effect; to work; to function well; to be possible (to do, use, etc.); to be able to
great mountain; large mountain
even if; no matter (what); if; though; although; supposing
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...