lively; full of spirit; energetic; healthy; well; fit
heart; guts; nerve; central part
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
tune; tone; vein; mood; condition; state of health
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
how; in what way; how about
yearning; longing; aspiration; adoration; admiration
construction; establishment
so-so; passable; now, now; my, my
odour; odor; scent; aura; whiff; smacks of ...
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
inside; within; while (e.g. one is young); during; among; amongst; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.)
island; one's territory (e.g. of a sex worker, organized crime gang); one's turf
to span; to bridge; to cross; to straddle
starting (construction) work
darn it!; darn!; oops!; oh dear!; oh no!
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
something; something or other; so-and-so; somehow; anyhow; one way or another
reopening; resumption; restarting
wanted; wished for; in need of; I want (you) to
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
to decide; to choose; to clinch (a victory); to decide (the outcome of a match); to persist in doing; to go through with; to always do
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
company; corporation; workplace
talent; gift; function; noh (theatre)
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); (arch.) province (of Japan)
honorific/polite/humble prefix
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
how; in what way; why; for what reason; cannot possibly; no way
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
smallness; small item; short month (i.e. having fewer than 31 days); elementary school; smaller (of two things, places, etc. with the same name); inferior; younger (of two people with the same name)
Japanese apricot (Prunus mume); Japanese plum; ume; lowest (of a three-tier ranking system)
to believe; to believe in; to place trust in; to confide in; to have faith in
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
to resign; to retire; to quit; to leave (one's job, etc.)
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
or rather (say); or better (say); or perhaps I should say; or, how should I put it; I mean
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
(some) more; even more; longer; further
to turn toward; to look (up, down, etc.); to face (e.g. east) (of a building, window, etc.); to look out on; to point (of an arrow, compass needle, etc.); to be suited to